Thermodynamics of redox equilibrium in slags

The transition metals are known to affect the characteristics of slags and refining capacities of slags. On the other hand, the redox equilibria of tr ansition metal ions have been reported for the measure of slag basicity. Th e effects of the slag composition, oxygen partial pressure and temperature on the redox equilibria of various elements, such as iron, manganese, coppe r and titanium, etc., in slags were summarized. The correlation between the redox equilibria and other basicity indexes, such as various capacities, a ctivity of calcium oxide and theoretical optical basicity are discussed.