Gender role stress in relation to shame, guilt, and externalization

Citation
Pw. Efthim et al., Gender role stress in relation to shame, guilt, and externalization, J COUNS DEV, 79(4), 2001, pp. 430-438
Citations number
69
Categorie Soggetti
Psycology
Journal title
JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT
ISSN journal
07489633 → ACNP
Volume
79
Issue
4
Year of publication
2001
Pages
430 - 438
Database
ISI
SICI code
0748-9633(200123)79:4<430:GRSIRT>2.0.ZU;2-M
Abstract
This study explored how gender role stress variables are related to shame-p roneness, guilt-proneness, and externalization. Undergraduates completed th e Test of Self-Conscious Affect and the Masculine or Feminine Gender Role S tress Scale, respectively. Canonical analyses revealed 3 significant roots for the male sample accounting for 50% of the total variance between gender role stress and self-conscious emotions, and 1 significant root for the fe male sample accounting for 31% of the variance. The discussion examines the complex relationship between gender role ideals and the experience of sham e, guilt, and the use of externalization as a defense against these painful affects.