REQUIRED THERMAL THRESHOLDS DURING TRANSPORT OF ANIMALS

Conditions (total complex of stressors) during the transport of animal s vary strongly between and within transports. Adverse climatic condit ions are stressors that animals have to face during transport; The the rmoregulation of animals is discussed with respect to threshold values for optimal climatic conditions. These thermal thresholds depend on a nimal related factors and environmental conditions. The specific impac t of transport conditions, such as food and water deprivation, high st ocking density, high humidity and high air velocity, on thermal thresh olds are described.