Lla. Minich et al., A NOVEL-APPROACH TO PEDIATRIC INTRAAORTIC BALLOON PUMP TIMING USING M-MODE ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, The American journal of cardiology, 80(3), 1997, pp. 367
Timing balloon inflation and deflation is difficult in pediatric patie
nts undergoing intraaortic balloon pumping, because the electrocardiog
ram and arterial pressure tracings are inadequate markers of the onset
of diastole and systole. M-mode echocardiography provides a precise m
arker of aortic valve opening and closure, as well as balloon motion,
and allows accurate timing by real-time adjustment of balloon inflatio
n to diastole and deflation to systole.