Family scholars have developed a greater sensitivity to the relative neglec
t of families of color in research. However, there are a number of limitati
ons in the research on families of color; specifically, race and ethnicity
are often confounded with socioeconomic indicators and community of residen
ce. This makes it difficult to identify the true effects of ethnicity and c
ulture. In addition, race and ethnicity, may interact with chronic poverty
in such a way as to further interfere with and reduce life opportunities. H
ere we discuss some of the theoretical and conceptual issues pertaining to
race, ethnicity, and culture as they affect family functioning and children
's development. In addition, we introduce a collection of papers that addre
ss family functioning and children's development among families who are div
erse ethnically, racially, socioeconomically,, and by geographical location
and community. The issues posed in this paper and in the Special Section c
hallenge the field to reconsider how we study families and child developmen
t from culturally grounded perspectives.