The role of docosahexaenoic acid in retinal function

An important role for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) within the retina is sugge sted by its high levels and active conservation in this tissue. Animals rai sed on n-3-deficient diets have large reductions in retinal DHA levels that are associated with altered retinal function as assessed by the electroret inogram (ERG). Despite two decades of research in this field, little is kno wn about the mechanisms underlying altered retinal function in n-3-deficien t animals. The focus of this review is on recent research that has sought t o elucidate the role of DHA in retinal function, particularly within the ro d photoreceptor outer segments where DHA is found at its highest concentrat ion. An overview is also given of human infant studies that have examined w hether a neonatal dietary supply of DHA is required for the normal developm ent of retinal function.