Optictal flip-flops forward from two coupled Mach-Zehnder interferometers a
re presented. The interferometers employ semiconductor optical amplifiers i
n their at-ins. The flip-flops are demonstrated via simulations and experim
ents. Low switching energy and very high speed are possible in spite of the
relatively slow semiconductor optical amplifier carrier recovery time. (C)
2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.