Phosphatase activities and environmental features were characterized for 12
terrestrial and aquatic mosses in upland northern England, along with four
species sampled from subarctic Sweden. Phosphomonoesterase (PMEase) and ph
osphodiesterase (PDEase) activities of shoot tips were measured using para-
nitrophenyl phosphate (p-NPP) and bis-pNPP. All species showed PMEase activ
ity, but not all showed PDEase activity. The mean pH optimum was 5.0 for PM
Ease and 5.7 for PDEase. The kinetic parameters K-m and V-max were calculat
ed from three linear transformations of the Michaelis-Menten equation. The
mean K-m values of the mosses ranged between 77 and 468 muM for PMEase and
26 and 414 muM for PDEase. The corresponding V-max values were 0.6-205 mu m
ol pNP g(-1) DW h(-1) for PMEase and 1.4-110 junol pNP g(-1) DW h(-1) for P
DEase. Mosses from Sweden displayed greater K-m and smaller V-max values th
an those from England. The aquatics Fontinalis antipyretica and Rhynchosteg
ium riparioides displayed two-phase kinetics for PMEase and PDEase, with K-
m and V-max being dependent on substrate concentration. Staining suggested
that PMEase activity was located in the cell wall of most mosses. Phosphata
se assays provide a rapid method for screening environmental nutrient statu
s and a standard procedure is recommended.