Bf. Tomandl et al., Local and remote visualization techniques for interactive direct volume rendering in neuroradiology, RADIOGRAPHI, 21(6), 2001, pp. 1561-1572
The increasing capabilities of magnetic resonance (AIR) imaging and multise
ction spiral computed tomography (CT) to acquire volumetric data with near-
isotropic voxels make three-dimensional (3D) postprocessing a necessity, es
pecially in studies of complex structures like intracranial vessels. Since
most modem CT and MR imagers provide limited postprocessing capabilities, 3
D visualization with interactive direct volume rendering requires expensive
graphics workstations that are not available at many institutions. An appr
oach has been developed that combines fast visualization on a low-cost PC s
ystem with high-quality visualization on a high-end graphics workstation th
at is directly accessed and remotely controlled from the PC environment via
the Internet by using a Java client. For comparison of quality, both techn
iques were applied to several neuroradiologic studies: visualization of str
uctures related to the inner ear, intracranial aneurysms, and the brainstem
and surrounding neurovascular structures. The results of pure PC-based vis
ualization were comparable with those of many commercially available volume
-rendering systems. In addition, the high-end graphics workstation with 3D
texture-mapping capabilities provides visualization results of the highest
quality. Combining local and remote 3D visualization allows even small radi
ologic institutions to achieve low-cost but high-quality 3D visualization o
f volumetric data.