The effect of residual gases on the lifetime of a virtual cathode (VC) was
studied. Dependence of the output pulse energy of a high-power vircator on
the vacuum conditions was studied. It is demonstrated that a rough vacuum o
f 5 x 10(-4) Torr achieved with a mechanical pump is sufficient for a virca
tor operation without significant loss of the output radiation energy. The
experimental data agree with a model of the mechanism of VC degradation as
a result of the gas ionization. (C) 2001 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica".