The expression of antigens in vegetables and fruits has opened up a new ave
nue for the development of oral vaccines. In a recent report, an oral multi
-component vaccine comprising a viral and a bacterial antigen has been succ
essfully designed and has shown protection in mice. Even though there are s
till improvements to be made in the areas of expression levels and glycosyl
ation, this is a promising technology for the future and for vaccine produc
tion.