Temporal nucleotide changes in pertactin and pertussis toxin genes in Bordetella pertussis strains isolated from clinical cases in Poland

Growing number of Bordetella pertussis infections in 1997-1998 in Poland ov ershadowed the successful national vaccination program. This situation prom pted us to investigate if this shift reflects changes in the B. pertussis p opulation. We investigated the possible divergence in genes encoding pertus sis toxin subunit I (PtxS1) and pertactin (P.69) in B. pertussis population strains during the period of 1960-2000. The pertussis toxin and pertactin variants (ptxS1B and prn1)were found in strains used for production of the whole-cell pertussis vaccine (WCV) production in Poland. Results of the stu dy indicate that the ptxS1A-allele replaced the vaccine variant in 69% in t he 1960s, and in 100% in 1990s, and although the prn1-allele was found in a ll strains from the 1960s and 1970s. after 1995 was gradually replaced by p rn2 and prn4 variants. Presumably, vaccination could affect the population structure of B. pertussis in Poland and resulted in antigenic shift in both genes analyzed. Our findings may have implications for the composition of polish WCV and the currently licensed acellular pertussis vaccines. (C) 200 1 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.