Atypical rotavirus identified from young children with diarrhoea in South Africa

The study was undertaken for antigenic characterization of rotavirus strain s isolated from South African children. During July 1996-July 1997, an epid emiological surveillance of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis was carrie d out in Pretoria and Gauteng provinces. In total, 1,229 diarrhoeal faecal samples were collected from a pathology laboratory. Of 389 (32%) rotavirus strains detected, most (97%) were group A rotaviruses by serological assay. However, 12 rotavirus strains identified did not apparently carry the comm on group A-specific antigen as determined by both commercial and monoclonal antibody-based ELISAs. Electrophoretic analysis of the viral RNA genome re vealed that these strains shared a common electropherotype and that this re sembled the group A rotavirus constellation of RNA segments. Furthermore, t he conserved terminal sequences of the group A VP6 and VP7 genes could not be targeted by standard reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction wit h a routine set of primers to the VP6 or VP7 genes. These strains present a n interesting phenotypic variation of the recognized rotaviruses and warran t further characterization.