M. Bellaoui et al., The Arabidopsis BELL1 and KNOX TALE homeodomain proteins interact through a domain conserved between plants and animals, PL CELL, 13(11), 2001, pp. 2455-2470
Interactions between TALE (three-amino acid loop extension) homeodomain pro
teins play important roles in the development of both fungi and animals. Al
though in plants, two different subclasses of TALE proteins include importa
nt developmental regulators, the existence of interactions between plant TA
LE proteins has remained unexplored. We have used the yeast two-hybrid syst
em to demonstrate that the Arabidopsis BELL1 (BEL1) homeodomain protein can
selectively heterodimerize with specific KNAT homeodomain proteins. Intera
ction is mediated by BEL1 sequences N terminal to the homeodomain and KNAT
sequences including the MEINOX domain. These findings validate the hypothes
is that the MEINOX domain has been conserved between plants and animals as
an interaction domain for developmental regulators. In yeast, BEL1 and KNAT
proteins can activate transcription only as a heterodimeric complex, sugge
sting a role for such complexes in planta. Finally, overlapping patterns of
BEL1 and SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) expression within the inflorescence meri
stem suggest a role for the BEL1-STM complex in maintaining the indetermina
cy of the inflorescence meristem.