Grassroots participation, peer education, and HIV prevention by sex workers in South Africa

Objectives. This microqualitative case study of a community-based peer educ ation program led by sex workers at a South African mine examined the role of grassroots participation in sexual health promotion. Methods. The study involved in-depth interviews with 30 members of the targ et community. The interviews were analyzed in terms of social capital, empo werment, and identity. Results. The study yielded a detailed analysis of the way in which communit y dynamics have shaped the peer education program's development in a depriv ed, violent community where existing norms and networks are inconsistent wi th ideal criteria for participatory health promotion. Conclusions. Much remains to be learned about the complexities of translati ng theoretically and politically vital notions of "community participation" into practice among hard-to-reach groups. The fabric of local community li fe is shaped by nonlocal structural conditions of poverty and sexual inequa lity in ways that challenge those seeking to theorize the role of social ca pital in community development in general and in sexual health promotion in particular.