The role of cytology in urine analysis is typically in the detection of tra
nsitional cell carcinoma. We report a case of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML)
with involvement of the urinary tract. To our knowledge this is only the s
econd case report in the literature to describe the cytological features of
this in urine. Furthermore, it underlines the importance of Giemsa stainin
g in appreciating the cytomorphological features of neoplastic myeloid cell
s.