Training of Brazilian PhDs at home and abroad: Alternative or complementary strategies?

This article aims to stimulate a broad debate on the underlying logic in th e policy for training researchers implemented by Brazilian science and tech nology funding agencies. The study was designed to answer the following que stion: when a country achieves domestic scientific training capability in s ufficient quantity and quality, can it entirely do without training researc hers abroad? The argument developed here is that the response depends on th e respondent's premise. The article goes on to analyzes how different count ries have dealt with the issue. Based on the data, the trend is to stimulat e the mobility of human resources, especially young researchers who are sti ll at the doctoral level. The Brazilian case is presented as "running contr ary" to current trends.