Improved modelling of external networks in operation and operational planning of interconnected power systems

During online operation and for operational planning the European transmiss ion system operators have detailed information about current and future sta tes of their own network. The interaction with foreign networks is describe d in reduced form by network equivalents. Increasing international bulk pow er trade in the competitive market leads to stronger network utilisation, e specially near international interconnections. Therefore the accuracy of fo reign network models must be increased to maintain network security.