F. Dif et al., Cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein suppresses PRL signaling by binding the PRL receptor, ENDOCRINOL, 142(12), 2001, pp. 5286-5293
Inhibition of PRL hormone signaling by suppressor of cytokine signaling (SO
CS)/cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CIS) was investigated in tra
nsfected HEK 293 cells. We used the physiologically relevant wild-type beta
-casein promoter as a target gene for PRL action. We demonstrate that CIS
produces a 70% inhibition of PRL signaling by a mechanism distinct from, an
d downstream of, the effect of SOCS-1 on JAK2. This inhibition involves ass
ociation with the PRL receptor (PRLR), resulting in the inhibition of signa
l transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) activation. Further,
we show that SOCS-3 coimmunoprecipitates with the PRLR. These data suggest
that SOCS-3 involves a second pathway for the inhibition of PRL signaling o
ther than JAK2 inhibition. Additional results indicate that SOCS-2 can play
a more important potentiator role on PRL signaling, resulting in a restora
tion of 50% of transcriptional inhibition induced by SOCS-3 and a restorati
on of 100% of transcriptional inhibition induced by CIS. SOCS-2 was able to
block the inhibitory effect of SOCS-1. These results indicate that SOCS-2
seems to be an antagonist of the other SOCS. SOCS-1 binds JAK2 and inhibits
its phosphorylation; SOCS-3 does not bind JAK2 but binds the PRLR that may
mediate its inhibition of JAK2; and finally, CIS binds the PRLR but inhibi
ts signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 rather than JAK2.