Predictive multistage vector quantizer design using asymptotic closed-loopoptimization

This correspondence builds on the asymptotic closed-loop approach to predic tive vector quantizer design [1], and extends it to the design of predictiv e multistage vector quantizers for low bit rate video coding. The design ap proach resolves longstanding shortcomings, in particular, design stability and empty-cell problems. Simulation results show substantial gains over tra ditional design approaches.