The use of leucocyte-depleting and conventional arterial line filters in cardiac surgery: a systematic review of clinical studies

Although various forms of arterial line filter have been available for use during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for 30 years, their use is not universa l. The aim of this review was to seek evidence of the clinical benefit of u sing conventional or leucocyte-depleting arterial line filters during bypas s. A literature search revealed 28 relevant clinical studies. Despite the w ide variety of patient populations, types of filter and outcome measures ut ilized in studies, a few conclusions are possible. Whereas conventional fil tration has the definite effect of reducing neuropsychological deficit post -CPB, the results of studies using the leucocyte-depleting filter are less clear cut. Leucocyte-depleting filters have potential for reducing inflamma tory mediated heart and lung injury, however it is recommended that any add itional benefit of leucocyte-depleting filters over conventional filters sh ould be further tested by randomized controlled trials of sufficient size.