The surface wave and transport in oscillated granular materials

Firstly, in the study of the granular material on an inclined plane, we hav e found that the heap of the granules will climb along the plane under vibr ation with different states which mostly depend on the driving acceleration . It is shown that the transport velocity of the heap increases with the ac celeration. Secondly, the instability of granular materials against the sur face wave in an evacuated container has been studied. We have found that: ( i) the onset acceleration for the instability increases with the driving fr equency; (ii) the wavelength of die surface wave increases with the depth o f the granules; (iii) the dimensionless acceleration doesn't have much to d o with the wavelength. Finally, we give our brief theoretical explanation w hich is in agreement with our experimental results qualitatively.