A. Nemmar et al., Passage of intratracheally instilled ultrafine particles from the lung into the systemic circulation in hamster, AM J R CRIT, 164(9), 2001, pp. 1665-1668
The mechanisms of particulate pollution-related cardiovascular morbidity an
d mortality are not well understood. We studied the passage of radioactivel
y labeled ultrafine particles after their intratracheal instillation. Hamst
ers received a single intratracheal instillation of 100 mug albumin nanocol
loid particles (nominal diameter less than or equal to 80 nm) labeled with
100 mu Ci technetium-99m and were killed after 5, 15, 30, and 60 min. In bl
ood, radioactivity expressed as percentage of total body radioactivity per
gram blood, amounted to 2.88 +/- 0.80%,1.30 +/- 0.17%, 1.52 +/- 0.46%, and
0.21 +/- 0.06% at 5, 15, 30, and 60 min, respectively. Thin-layer chromatog
raphy showed only one peak of radioactivity corresponding to unaltered Tc-9
9m-albumin nanocolloid. In the liver, radioactivity, expressed as percentag
e of total radioactivity per organ, amounted to 0.10 +/- 0.07%, 0.23 +/- 0.
06%, 1.24 +/- 0.27%, and 0.06 +/- 0.02% at 5, 15, 30, and 60 min, respectiv
ely. Lower values were observed in the heart, spleen, kidneys, and brain. D
ose dependence was assessed at 30 min following instillation of 10 mug and
1 mug Tc-99m-albumin per animal (n = 3 at each dose), and values of the sam
e relative magnitudes as after instillation of 100 mug were obtained. We co
nclude that a significant fraction of Tc-99m-albumin, taken as a model of u
ltrafine particles, rapidly diffuses from the lungs into the systemic circu
lation.