Lab-based surveillance of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis live vaccines in humans in Germany

The Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, in Germany has been licensed different live vaccines of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis for use in the veterinar y medicine since I the 90s. The Robert Koch Institute has established a lab -based surveillance system for these live vaccine strains for an evaluation of recent public health safety. Since 2000 all strains of S. Typhimurium a nd S. Enteritidis from humans were investigated in respect to their phage t ypes and other vaccine markers. 3676 S. Typhimurium strains and 4489 S. Enteritidis strains mainly from Sal monellose patients were investigated after phage typing according to their auxotrophic or antibiotic resistance markers. The live vaccine strains of Z oosaloral, TAD Salmonella vacT or TAD Salmonella vacE and Salmovac SE could not be found from infections in humans.