Sexually dimorphic neurogenesis is topographically matched with the anterior accessory olfactory bulb of the adult rat

The accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) is a sexually dimorphic structure of the vomeronasal system, which plays a role in the control of sexual behaviors. In adult rats, we have demonstrated previously that the migrating neurobla sts of the subependymal layer (SEL) directed to the main olfactory bulb (MO B) also reach the AOB. To tackle the relation between sexual dimorphism and targeted cell migration, we quantified the neo-neurogenesis in the AOB of adult rats of both sexes. Our results confirm a morphological sexual dimorp hism in the AOB granular layer volumes. We showed that the number of newly generated cells reaching the AOB in both sexes was considerable, even if lo wer than those directed to the MOB. Moreover, we demonstrated that the rate of neurogenesis in the anterior AOB of the two sexes was significantly dif ferent.