Biology and fishery of the arched box crab Calappa convexa de Saussure (Crustacea, Brachyura, Calappidae) in the southeastern Gulf of California, Mexico
M. Ayon-parente et Me. Hendrickx, Biology and fishery of the arched box crab Calappa convexa de Saussure (Crustacea, Brachyura, Calappidae) in the southeastern Gulf of California, Mexico, CIENC MAR, 27(4), 2001, pp. 521-541
The arched box crab (Calappa convexa) is commonly caught in gillnets as by-
catch of the spiny lobster (Panulirus spp.) fishery in southern Sinaloa, Me
xico, a locally exploited fishing resource. Crabs were sampled monthly from
May 1998 to April 1999 and a total of 274 specimens (132 mates and 142 fem
ales) were captured. The distribution of the resource was homogeneous (pres
ent in 72% of the samples) throughout the sampling area. The overall sex ra
tio (female:male) was 1:0.92 (chi (2) > 0.05). The capture per unit effort
(CPUE) varied from 0.81 g/100m(2)/h to 9.10 g/100m(2)/h. Maximum catch was
obtained in June white minimum catches occurred in December and March. The
CPUE values differed significantly (ANOVA P < 0.05) among the months of sam
pling. Crabs were caught on sand, rock and boulders, with 43% of the CPUE c
orresponding to rocky substrate. Mean size, based on carapace length (CL),
was 72.5 +/- 5.8 mm for males and 74.5 +/- 7.2 mm for females. Individual s
ize frequency distribution was unimodal and normal in males and unimodal an
d not normal in females, with the largest number occurring in spring (107)
and winter (73). Reproduction occurred throughout the year, with peaks from
April to August. Females reached sexual maturity at an estimated size of 7
5 mm (CL-50) and carried an average of 638,885 eggs. The mean size differed
significantly between females (75.7 mm CL, SD = 7.3 mm) and males (72.8 mm
CL, SD = 5.8 mm) (P < 0.05). The modal classes displayed a slight seasonal
displacement (spring to winter) towards larger sizes. Analysis of the cara
pace width:length relationship shows variation during male and female devel
opment, specifically, in larger sizes (> 75 mm CL), females were narrower w
hile the opposite occurred in males. Left and right chelae reached a combin
ed fresh weight of 100 g, in males of about 75.0 mm CL, while in females th
is weight was reached at 79.0 mm CL.