Scour around coastal structures: A summary of recent research

This paper summarizes the results of the European Union Marine Science and Technology (EU MAST) III project "Scour Around Coastal Structures" (SCARCOS T). The summary is presented under three headings: (1) Introduction; (2) Fl ow and scour processes with the subheadings: flow and scour processes aroun d vertical cylinders; flow and scour processes at detached breakwaters; flo w and scour processes at submerged breakwaters; and the effect of turbulenc e on sediment transport; and (3) Sediment behaviour close to the structure with the subheadings: field measurement and analysis of wave-induced pore p ressures and effective stresses around a bottom seated cylinder; non-linear soil modelling with respect to wave-induced pore pressures and gradients; wave-induced pressures on the bottom for non-linear coastal waves, includin g also wave kinematics; development of a numerical model (linear soil model ling) to calculate wave-induced pore pressures-the effect of liquefaction o n sediment transport; penetration of blocks in non-consolidated fine soil, and cyclic stiffness of loose sand. The paper also includes a discussion of the role of scale effects in laboratory testing and the applicability of t he results obtained in supporting engineering design. (C) 2001 Elsevier Sci ence B.V. All rights reserved.