Teleworking: Frameworks for organizational research

Teleworking is a work practice that entails remote working for at least som e of the time. Common arrangements include work done at home or in the fiel d, by teleworkers in a range of occupations. As such, telework is one of th e most radical departures from standard working conditions in the suite of flexible work practices now gaining widespread acceptance. In this paper, w e develop an explanatory model of organizational adoption of teleworking. W e do this as a means of integrating the current literature on the incidence of teleworking and to provide a theoretical grounding and framework for un derstanding differentials in the growth of teleworking in different organiz ations, industries and countries. We begin by developing an appropriate fra mework for conceptualizing teleworking. Ve propose a multivariate approach that is able to differentiate the various forms of teleworking. We then use this framework to develop a model and a series of propositions concerning the adoption of different forms of teleworking. Neo-institutional theory, a s well as recent empirical evidence on teleworking informs this model.