An overview of advanced space/terrestrial power generation device: AMTEC

Alkali metal thermal electric converter (AMTEC) technology offers several a dvantages over conventional forms of electric generation. Some of these adv antages are high efficiency, high density, reliability, absence of moving p arts, and competitive manufacturing costs. These and other advantages make AMTECs ideally suited for several space, aerospace, military and domestic a pplications. Current AMTEC designs suffer from some drawbacks that need to be rectified if the full potential of the technology is to be realized. These are curren t cell efficiencies that are still at values below the theoretically possib le, and the adverse power-time characteristic of the cell. The PX-3A AMTEC cell, for instance, shows decreasing values of the maximum power output wit h time. Maximum power decreases from 2.54 W at the end of 172 h to 1.27 W a t 18,000 h of cell operation. This latter problem, called power degradation , in particular, will preclude the use of the cell for applications that re quire operation of the cell for long periods of time. This paper discusses in detail the advantages of AMTEC technology and the p roblems with current designs. In particular, the problem of power degradati on is dealt with in some detail and some measures are suggested that will h elp arrest this loss of power with time. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.