Introduction. Booster seat use in the United States is extremely low among
4- to 8-year-old children, the group targeted for their use. However, more
recent attention has been paid to the role of booster seats for children wh
o have outgrown their forward-facing child safety seat. In particular, seve
ral states are currently considering upgrades to their child restraint laws
to include the use of booster seats for children over 4 years of age.
Objective. To examine recent trends in booster seat use among children invo
lved in automobile crashes in 3 large regions of the United States.
Design. This study was performed as part of the Partners for Child Passenge
r Safety project, an ongoing, child-specific crash surveillance system that
links insurance claims data to telephone survey and crash investigation da
ta. All crashes occurring between December 1, 1998, and November 30, 2000,
involving a child occupant between 2 to 8 years of age riding in a model ye
ar 1990 or newer vehicle reported to State Farm Insurance Companies from 15
states and Washington, DC, were eligible for this study. A probability sam
ple of eligible crashes was selected for a telephone survey with the driver
of the vehicle using a previously validated instrument. The study sample w
as weighted according to each subject's probability of selection, with anal
yses conducted on the weighted sample.
Results. The weighted study sample consisted of 53 834 children between 2 t
o 8 years old, 11.5% of whom were using a booster seat at the time of the c
rash. Booster seat use peaked at age 3 and dropped dramatically after age 4
. Over the period of study, booster seat use among 4- to 8-year-olds increa
sed from 4% to 13%. Among 4-year-olds specifically, booster use increased f
rom 14% to 34%. Among children using booster seats, approximately half used
shield boosters and half used belt-positioning boosters.
Conclusion. Although overall booster seat use among the targeted population
of 4- to 8-year-old children remains low, significant increases have been
noted among specific age groups of children over the past 2 years. These da
ta may be useful to pediatricians, legislators, and educators in efforts to
target interventions designed to increase appropriate booster seat use in
these children.