NEW 3-DIMENSIONAL MAPPING DEVICE FOR CYSTOSCOPY

Purpose: The crucial shortcoming of cystoscopy is that it does not mea sure the size of observed objects, and so we developed a new device th at adds measurement capability to the cystoscope. Materials and Method s: The device consists of 5 arms linked to each other by freely bendin g joints. Before use 1 end of the arm is fixed to the examination tabl e and the other end is linked to the eyepiece of the cystoscope. While linked to the arms, the cystoscope can move fi eely in any direction. Each joint carries an accurate sensor to measure its angle. The angle measurements are calculated collectively to obtain the 3-dimensional coordinates at the tip of the cystoscope. The tip of the cystoscope ca n be moved to the other side of the objects to be measured, which prov ides a pair of 3-dimensional coordinates, because the distance between them can be calculated. Results: We could calculate the distance betw een the bladder neck and each ureteral orifice, and the angle of the b ladder neck formed with the left and right orifices in clinical cases. By continuous measurement of the location of the bladder neck and the ureteral orifice, it was clearly demonstrated that the distance betwe en them increased as the bladder filled. Conclusions: Our computer ass isted, 3-dimensional mapping device can replace unreliable cystoscopic assessment with more reliable numerical values. New diagnostic criter ia based on the exact numerical values can be established with the use of this device.