Cavity QED analog of the harmonic-oscillator probability distribution function and quantum collapses - art. no. 063815

We establish a connection between the simple harmonic oscillator and a two- level atom interacting with resonant, quantized cavity and strong driving f ields, which suggests an experiment to measure the harmonic-oscillator's pr obability distribution function. To achieve this, we calculate the Autler-T ownes spectrum by coupling the system to a third level. We find that there are two different regions of the atomic dynamics depending on the ratio of the: Rabi frequency Omega (c) of the cavity field to that of the Rabi frequ ency Omega of the driving field. For Omega (c)<<Omega> and moderate couplin g of the transition to the cavity mode the spectral peaks are composed of m ultiplets. A quantized dressed-atom approach provides a simple explanation of the spectral features and shows that the oscillations in the spectral co mponents arise from the oscillations of the population distribution in the dressed states. The observation of these features would provide evidence fo r the quantum nature of the cavity field. The distribution is an analog of the harmonic-oscillator probability distribution function, and should be ex perimentally observable. For Omega (c)greater than or equal to Omega there is no Autler-Townes splitting and the spectrum is composed of a single peak located at the frequency of the probe transition. We show that this effect results from the collapse of the atom to the ground state, which has been predicted by Alsing, Cardimona, and Carmichael [Phys. Rev. A 45, 1793 (1992 )] for a two-level atom in a lossless cavity.