Dendrites of cortical neurons possess active conductances, which contribute
to the nonlinear processing of synaptic information. Recently it has been
shown that basal dendrites can generate highly localized spikes mediated by
NMDA receptor channels. These spikes may serve as a powerful mechanism to
detect and amplify synchronously activated spatially clustered excitatory s
ynaptic inputs in individual dendritic segments, and may enable parallel pr
ocessing in several integrative dendritic subunits.