Some of the higher taxa of the modern classificatory system for smut fungi
are analysed. It is shown that the emended family of Ustilaginaceae, with i
ts 29 genera unified by an identical ultrastructure, is heterogeneous. Base
d on classical morphological and ecological characters, including host taxo
nomy, several genera are excluded from this family and placed into other fa
milies. New families proposed are: Clintamraceae, Dermatosoraceae, Farysiac
eae, Geminaginaceae, Melanopsichiaceae, Uleiellaceae and Websdaneaceae. The
family Cintractiaceae was expanded to include also Heterotolyposporium, Le
ucocintractia, Testicularia, Tolyposporium, Trichocintractia and Ustanciosp
orium. A few genera with uncertain placement regarding their family, are me
ntioned. Spore colour in the classification of smut fungi is discussed. The
generic name Uleiella J. Schrot. instead of Ulea J. Schrot. is preferred.