R. Venugopalan et J. Wirstam, Hard thermal loops and beyond in the finite temperature world-line formulation of QED - art. no. 125022, PHYS REV D, 6312(12), 2001, pp. 5022
We derive the hard thermal loop action for soft electromagnetic fields in t
he finite temperature world-line formulation at imaginary time by first int
egrating out the hard fermion modes from the microscopic QED action. Furthe
r, using the finite T world-line method, we calculate all static higher ord
er terms in the soft electromagnetic field. At hi,oh T, the leading non-lin
ear terms are independent of the temperature and, except for a term quartic
in the time component of the vector potential, they cancel exactly against
the vacuum contribution. The remaining T-dependent non-linear terms become
more strongly suppressed by the temperature as the number of soft fields i
ncreases, thus making the expansion reliable.