Polysplenia syndrome includes a group of congenital abnormalities involving
the spleen, gastrointestinal tract, liver, and cardiovascular system. A ca
se of severe lower limbs lymphedema occurring in a young woman with polyspl
enia, azygous continuation of the inferior vena cava, short pancreas, and p
reduodenal portal vein is reported, tower limb lymphedema could represent a
new clinical manifestation associated with polysplenia syndrome. Lymphedem
a could be the result of a primary anomaly of the lymphatic system or be in
duced by high pressure in the venous system or by compression of the lympha
tic circulation by the hypertrophic azygous vessels in the posterior medias
tinum.