Interferometric phase correction using 183 GHz water vapor monitors

The angular resolution that can be obtained by ground-based aperture synthe sis telescopes at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths is limited by ph ase fluctuations caused by water vapor in the Earth's atmosphere. We descri be here the successful correction of such fluctuations during observations at 0.85 mm wavelength with an interferometer consisting of the James Clark Maxwell Telescope and the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory. This was achie ved by using two 183 GHz heterodyne radiometers to measure the water vapor content along the line of sight of each telescope. Further development of s uch techniques will enable future telescopes, such as the Submillimeter Arr ay and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array, to reach their full capability, providing a resolution of up to 0."01.