We compare Montreal's three largest cultural communities - French Canadian,
Irish Catholic, and Angle-Protestant - with respect to infant survival ove
r the forty years 1860-1900. From three birth cohorts we present evidence f
or a powerful and persistent cultural dimension which outweighs distinction
s of social status. The local cultural mite offers insights into mechanisms
operating through a chain of cultural practices, property interests, ethni
c politics, and spatial segregation.