A 3D finite element formulation describing the frictional behavior of rubber on ice and concrete surfaces

The frictional behavior of rubber Materials on various contact surfaces is strongly affected by the contact pressure and the relative sliding velocity as well as the environmental temperature Based on a great number of experi ments of rubber blocks moving on concrete and ice surfaces, a friction law for 3D contact analyses is presented in this paper It is characterized by t he dependency on the contact pressure, sliding; velocity and the environmen tal temperature. The identification and correction of the parameters of thi s friction law were done by means of a least-square method followed by re-a nalyses of the respective experiments. Several examples are given in a nume rical investigation of the frictional behavior of rubber materials.