The present contribution deals with the sensitivity analysis and optimizati
on of structures for path-dependent stuructural response. Geometrically as
well as materially non-linear behavior behavior with hardening and softenin
g is taken into account. Prandtl-Reuss-plasticity is adopted so that not on
ly the stale variables but also their sensitivities are path-dependent. Bec
ause of this rite variational direct approach is preffered for the sensitiv
ity analysis. For accuracy reasons tile sensitivity analysis has to be cons
istent with the analysis method evaluating the structural response. The pro
posed sensitivity analysis as well as its application in structural optimiz
ation is demonstrated by several examples.