Mercantilism in the monarchy of the habsburgs with emphasis on Czech lands

The "Austrian mercantilism", a stream of economic thought that had been dev eloping from the second half of the 17(th) century, is defined as rather ec onomic policy connected with certain moments of economic theory. The articl e analyses the difference between the Austrian mercantilism and other econo mic conceptions and the interdependence of the former with European and Aus trian situation at that time. Paper describes practical economic projects o f the second half of the 17(th) century, their theoretical reasons and work s of the significant representatives of mercantilism: Becher, Schroder and Hornigk. A particular emphasis is laid on the work of J.J. Becher with his terms "Monopolium", "Propolium" and "Polypolium". There are shown practical activities of the mercantilist authors and their influence on economic pol icy of the Austrian Monarchy as well as the role of the Becher's "Commercia l office".