Early Holocene deglaciation chronology in Vastergotland and Narke, southern Sweden - biostratigraphy, clay varve, C-14 and calendar year chronology

Early Holocene varved clay sequences from Vastergotland and Narke, southern Sweden have been analysed for pollen and marine calcareous fossils. A chro nology was derived From clay varve measurements and AMS C-14 dating and pol len stratigraphy. The results suggest that the varve sequences were deposit ed during the early Holocene between c. 11,500 and 11,200 calendar years BP which corresponds to the deglaciation of the area. The corresponding varve ages in the Swedish Time Scale is c. 700-800 years younger which is broadl y in accordance with the earlier reported error in the Swedish Time Scale. The discovery of the marine bivalve Portlandia arctica in clay varve sequen ces from northern Lake Vattern is the first reported evidence of a marine i ngression into the Baltic basin prior to the Yoldia Sea brackish phase. The fossil and lithological evidence indicates that the period of marine influ ence lasted 10-50 years (min age) and occurred c. 140 years before the degl aciation of the Narke Strait and the subsequent brackish water phase of the Baltic Yoldia Sea stage. Comparative AMS C-14 datings on terrestrial macro fossils and the shell of the marine bivalve P. arctica suggest a reservoir effect of more than 1000 year. However, dates on periostracum from P. arcti ca gave ages closer to the terrestrial AMS C-14 ages. (C) 2001 Elsevier Sci ence Ltd. All rights reserved.