Who invented the tensiometer?

The invention of the tensiometer for measurement of soil water matric poten tial is commonly attributed to Willard Gardner, with the first robust desig n for field applications attributed to Lorenzo A, Richards during the early 1920s. However, evidence shows that the original design was proposed by Bu rton E. Livingston as early as 1908 (perhaps earlier) with advanced impleme ntation of similar concepts for "measuring the capillary lift of soils" by Lynde and Dupre in 1913.