Risk factors for severe pneumonia in children in Basrah

A case-control study was undertaken in Basrah Maternity and Children Hospit al, Iraq. We studied 148 children who were admitted to hospital with severe pneumonia according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and th e controls were 250 children attending the out-patient department for non-s evere respiratory infections. Significant risk factors were younger age (2- 6 months), low parental education, smoking at home, prematurity, weaning fr om breast milk at < 6 months, a negative history of diphtheria, pertussis a nd tetanus vaccination, anaemia and malnutrition.