We describe in out paper how the lifetime of the directly heated tungsten c
athode in electron beam welding machine can be substantially extended by au
tomatic stabilisation of its temperature measured by its luminance. Further
we show that the end of the life (the break) of the cathode can be predict
ed, giving the operating personnel the chance to avoid unwanted effects of
its unexpected break during the welding process. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science
Ltd. All rights reserved.