Attenuation by ambroxol of monochloramine-enhanced gastric carcinogenesis:a possible prevention against Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis

The effects of combined administration of a reactive oxidant, monochloramin e, and a mucoregulatory agent, ambroxol, on the development of gastric canc ers induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) were investigate d in inbred Wistar rats. After receiving oral MNNG and regular chow pellets for 25 weeks, rats received regular chow pellets or chow pellets containin g 20% ammonium acetate, and normal tap water or water containing 30 mM sodi um hypochlorite, with or without subcutaneous injection of ambroxol at high or low doses, until the end of the experiment at week 52. Treatment with b oth ammonium acetate and sodium hypochlorite, which produce monochloramine, significantly increased the incidence of gastric cancers at week 52, where as concomitant administration of ambroxol with ammonium acetate and sodium hypochlorite significantly attenuated this enhanced gastric carcinogenesis. Results also revealed that ambroxol scavenged monochloramine. Because mono chloramine is closely related to Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric car cinogenesis, these findings suggest that ambroxol may prevent H, pylori-ass ociated gastric carcinogenesis. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.