Speciation of mercury in a fluid mud profile of a highly turbid macrotidalestuary (Gironde, France)

Mercury (Hg) speciation and partitioning have been investigated in a fluid mud profile collected in the high turbidity zone of the Gironde estuary. Th e formation of the fluid lens generates local and transient oxic-anoxic osc illations following the sedimentation-resuspension tidal cycles under a spe cific hydrodynamic regime. The total Hg concentration, ranging from 5 to 19 0 nM, increases with SPM concentration (4-174 g L-1) to a maximum at bottom . Particulate Hg averages 99% of total Hg. Particulate inorganic Hg (IHg(II )(P)) and monomethyl Hg (MMHgP) exhibit a similar trend: the maximum concen tration is observed within the upper layer above the depth of 7 m and the m inimum at the bottom layers of the fluid mud. Significant levels of "dissol ved" (i.e. filter passing) Hg species (IHg(II)(D), Hg degrees (D), MMHgD, D MHgD) are observed within the redox transition interface. In the sub/anoxic fluid mud layer, increasing concentrations of IHg(II)(D) and MMHgD coincid e with decreasing concentrations of IHg (II)p and MMHgP, respectively. The distribution coefficient (log K-d) between the "dissolved" and particulate fraction for IHg(II) averages 4.5 +/- 0.2. A K-d minimum for IHg(II) is obs erved in the surface layer and at the bottom of the fluid mud and coincides with the maximum levels of dissolved Mn and Fe. Log K-d for MMHg averages 3.3 +/- 0.9 and presents the highest values (4.3-4.6) in the surface and th e lowest (similar to2.2) at bottom, corresponding to the particulate carbon profile. These results demonstrate that the fate of IHg(II) and MMHg in th e fluid mud system is influenced by the redox cycling of major species such as carbon, Fe, and Mn. It is therefore suggested that the redox oscillatio ns generated by fluid mud formation in the high turbidity zone affect the d istribution and transfer of Hg species in macrotidal estuaries.