The presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the environment has promp
ted action on several fronts to assess the potential health risks of these
compounds. To fully understand the mechanisms behind the observed endocrine
disruption, crosstalk and other factors should be considered. In this arti
cle we will discuss how crosstalk modulates estrogen action in several comm
on assays and how this and other considerations appear to have been overloo
ked. In addition, a paradigm shift from theoretical linear response pathway
s to interaction maps should aid in the understanding and analysis of endoc
rine disruption. (C) 2001 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.