Dy. Kim et al., High abundance of GluR1 mRNA and reduced Q/R editing of GluR2 mRNA in individual NADPH-diaphorase neurons, MOL CELL NE, 17(6), 2001, pp. 1025-1033
Striatal and cortical neurons containing NADPH-diaphorase [NADPH-d(+)] are
highly vulnerable to excitotoxicity that is induced by activation of alpha
-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)- or kainate-sens
itive glutamate receptors. This has been attributed to Ca2+ entry through A
MPA/kainate receptors in NADPHd(+) neurons. In this study, we applied singl
e cell RT-PCR technique to test the hypothesis that differences in levels a
nd processing of the GluR2 subunit would contribute to the selective vulner
ability of NADPH-d(+) neurons to AMPA. The nested PCR specific for GluR1-Gl
uR4 showed that rat striatal NADPH-d(+) neurons expressed twice as much Glu
R1 mRNA as NADPH-d(-) neurons did. The percentage of RNA editing at the Q/R
site of GluR2 was 46% in NADPH-d(+) neurons and 92% in NADPH-d(-) neurons.
These results suggest that the unedited expression of GluR2 end the reduce
d ratio of GluR2/GluR1 render NADPH-d(+) neurons highly sensitive to Ca2+-m
ediated AMPA neurotoxicity. In support of this, most NADPH-d(+) neurons exp
osed to 100 muM AMPA showed Co2+ uptake and survived AMPA challenge only in
the absence of extracellular Ca2+.