Short stature in a mother and daughter caused by familial der(X)t(X;X)(p22.1-3;q26)

Deletions of the terminal Xp regions, including the short-stature homeobox (SHOX) gene, were described in families with hereditary Turner syndrome and Leri-Weill syndrome. We report on a 10-2/12-year-old girl and her 37-year- old mother with short stature and no other phenotypic symptoms. In the daug ther, additional chromosome material was detected in the pseudoautosomal re gion of one X chromosome (46,X,add (Xp.22.3)) by chromosome banding analysi s. The elongation of the X chromosome consisted of Giemsa dark and bright b ands with a length one-fifth of the size of Xp. The karyotype of the mother demonstrated chromosome mosaicism with three cell lines (46,X,add(X)(p22.3 ) [89]; 45,X [8]; and 47,X, add(X)(p22.3), add(X)(p22.3) [2]). In both daug hter and mother, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), together with d ata from G banding, identified the breakpoints in Xp22.1-3 and Xq26, result ing in a partial trisomy of the terminal region of Xq (Xq26-qter) and a mon osomy of the pseudoautosomal region (Xp22.3) with the SHOX gene and the pro ximal region Xp22.1-3, including the steroidsulfatase gene (STS) and the Ka llmann syndrome region. The derivative X chromosome was defined as ish.der (X)t (X;X)(p22.1-3;q26)(yWXD2540-, F20cos-, STS-, 60C10-, 959D10-, 2771+, c os9++). In daughter and mother, the monosomy of region Xp22.1-3 is compatib le with fertility and does not cause any other somatic stigmata of the Turn er syndrome or Leri-Weill syndrome, except for short stature due to monosom y of the SHOX gene. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (C) 2001Wiley-Liss, Inc.